Resumen
El presente informe da cuenta de los sucesos más relevantes ocurridos en Singapur durante 2022. La metodología es documental, descriptiva y analítica y tuvo como insumo principal artículos de prensa local e internacional, documentos oficiales del gobierno de Singapur y artículos académicos de acceso público. En 2022 Singapur, cuando apenas mostraba vigorosos síntomas de recuperación económica después de la pandemia de covid-19, tuvo que hacer frente a la crisis inflacionaria y geopolítica causada por la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania, exacerbada además por la tensión entre China y Estados Unidos por el Estrecho de Taiwán. A pesar de las dificultades que esto ocasionó en su economía y de algunas dificultades de orden interno, Singapur termina el año fortalecido económica y políticamente, con muy buenas perspectivas de crecimiento y estabilidad en el futuro inmediato.
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- Alatas, Sharifah Munirah. 2021. “A Malaysian Perspective on Foreign Policy and Geopolitics: Rethinking West-Centric International Relations Theory”. Global Studies Quarterly 1 (4). https://doi.org/10.1093/isagsq/ksab031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/isagsq/ksab031
- Barr, Michael D. 2022. “Singapore’s Succession Headache”. The Diplomat 88 (marzo). https://magazine.thediplomat.com/#/issues/-MwXHPmo5u3m9RwuNXP3/preview/MwXHQhacClVcINo1kpK
- Blanchette, Jude, Charles Edel, Christopher B. Johnstone, Scott Kennedy, Victor Cha, Ellen Kim y Gregory B. Poling. 2022. “Speaker Pelosi’s Taiwan Visit: Implications for the Indo-Pacific”. Center for Strategic and International Studies, 15 de agosto de 2022. https://www.csis.org/analysis/speaker-pelosis-taiwan-visit-implications-indo-pacific
- Boo, Krist. 2022. “Amid Geopolitical Tensions, Singapore Firms Take No Sides”. The Straits Times, 19 de septiembre de 2022. https://www.straitstimes.com/business/economy/amid-geopolitical-tensions-singapore-firms-take-no-sides
- Calleros Alarcón, Juan Carlos. 2020. “Singapur”. Anuario Asia Pacífico El Colegio de México 2020. https://doi.org/10.24201/aap.2020.308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24201/aap.2020.308
- CNA (Channel News Asia). 2022. “Finance Minister Lawrence Wong Endorsed as Leader of 4G Team: PM Lee”. channelnewsasia.com, 14 de abril de 2022. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/lawrence-wong-prime-minister-4gleader-lee-hsien-loong-announcement-2626176
- De Guzman, Chad y Amy Gunia. 2022. “China’s Zero-covid Trap”. Time, 1 de diciembre de 2022. https://time.com/6237990/china-end-zero-covid-policy/
- De Wei, Low. 2022. “Singapore Targets Hong Kong’s High Earners with Latest Work Visa”. Bloomberg.com, 30 de agosto de 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-30/singapore-targets-hong-kong-s-high-earners-with-latest-work-visa
- Funakoshi, Minami, Hugh Lawson y Kannaki Deka. 2022. “Tracking Sanctions against Russia”. Reuters, 9 de marzo de 2022. https://graphics.reuters.com/UKRAINECRISIS/SANCTIONS/byvrjenzmve/
- Heijmans, Philip. 2022. “Singapore Repeals Ban on Sex between Men in a Cautious Step”. Bloomberg.com, 29 de noviembre de 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-29/singapore-parliament-repeals-colonial-era-ban-on-sex-between-men
- Hong, Jinshan, Linda Lew, Ailing Tan, Mumbi Gitau y Kevin Varley. 2020. “The Best and Worst Places to Be as World Enters Next Covid Phase”. Bloomberg.com, 24 de noviembre de 2020. Última actualización: 29 de junio de 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-resilience-ranking/
- Hutt, David. 2022. “Has the West Found a Geopolitical Ally in Singapore?”. Deutsche Welle, 28 de abril de 2022. https://www.dw.com/en/has-the-west-found-an-asiangeopolitical-ally-in-singapore/a-61618630
- Hwee Min, Ang. 2021. “DPM Heng Swee Keat Steps aside as Leader of PAP 4G Team, PM Lee Accepts Decision”. Channel News Asia, 8 de abril de 2021. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/heng-swee-keat-dpm-4g-leader-step-aside-pap-pmlee-accepts-203891
- Kissinger, Henry. 2022. Leadership: Five Studies in World Strategy. Nueva York: Penguin Books.
- Lewis, Leo. 2022. “Singapore Is Well-Positioned to Play Both Sides of Decoupling”. Financial Times, 23 de noviembre de 2022. https://www.ft.com/content/269b1a53dd66-4446-8da8-f54d39403bfc
- Lin, Chen. 2022a. “Singapore’s 2021 GDP Grows at Fastest Pace in over a Decade”. Reuters, 3 de enero de 2022, sec. Asia Pacific. https://www.reuters.com/world/asiapacific/singapore-q4-gdp-expands-59-yy-beating-forecasts-2022-01-03/
- Lin, Chen. 2022b. “Singapore PM Says Global Geopolitical Tensions Affect Security in Asia-Pacific”. Reuters, 21 de agosto de 2022. https://www.reuters.com/world/asiapacific/singapore-pm-says-global-geopolitical-tensions-affect-security-asia-pacific2022-08-21/
- Moss, Daniel. 2022. “Singapore Finally Gets Its Covid ‘Happy Day’”. Bloomberg.com, 25 de abril de 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-04-25/singapore-almost-returns-to-pre-pandemic-normal-with-latest-curbs-lifted
- MTI (Ministry of Trade and Industry). 2022. Economic Survey of Singapore Second Quarter 2022. Singapur: MTI. https://www.mti.gov.sg/Resources/Economic-Survey-ofSingapore/2022/Economic-Survey-of-Singapore-Second-Quarter-2022
- Normile, Denis. 2021. “‘Zero covid’ Is Getting Harder—but China Is Sticking with It”. Science, 17 de noviembre de 2021. https://www.science.org/content/article/zerocovid-getting-harder-china-sticking-it DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.acx9657
- Peng Er, Lam. 2021. “Singapore-China Relations in Geopolitics, Economics, Domestic Politics and Public Opinion: An Awkward ‘Special Relationship’?”. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies 10 (2): 203-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/24761028.2021.1951480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/24761028.2021.1951480
- PMO (Prime Minister’s Office Singapore). 2022. “Changes to Cabinet and Other Appointments (June 2022)”. PMO, 6 de junio de 2022. https://www.pmo.gov.sg/Newsroom/Changes-to-Cabinet-and-Other-Appointments-June-2022
- Reuters. 2022. “Vietnam to Fully Reopen Borders from Mid-March”. Reuters, 16 de febrero de 2022, sec. Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals. https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/vietnam-fully-reopen-borders-mid-march-2022-02-16/
- SP (Service Public. Le site officiel de l’administration française). 2022. “Fin du passe vaccinal et du port du masque en intérieur à partir du 14 mars 2022”. ServicePublic.fr, 14 de marzo de 2022. https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/actualites/A15543
- Srinivasan, Krishna y Lamin Leigh. 2022. “Singapore’s Economy Rebounded on Decisive Policy Action, but Challenges Lie Ahead”. International Monetary Fund, 24 de agosto de 2022. https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2022/08/05/cf-singapore-economyrebounded-decisive-policy-action
- TGUK (The Government of the United Kingdom). 2022. “PM Statement on Living with Covid: 21 February 2022”. GOV.UK, 21 de febrero de 2022. https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-statement-on-living-with-covid-21-february-2022
- Thong, Gwendolyn, Steven PL Ooi, Eduardo Araral y Alfred Muluan Wu. 2021. “How Singapore Is Handling the Pandemic”. Policy Forum, 23 de junio de 2021. https://www.policyforum.net/how-singapore-is-handling-the-pandemic/
- Vasu, Norman. 2021. “Singapur 2020: tiempos difíciles”. Anuario Asia Pacífico El Colegio de México. https://doi.org/10.24201/aap.2021.331 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24201/aap.2021.331
- YN (Yahoo News). 2022. “Lawrence Wong Selected as Leader of Singapore’s PAP 4G Team: PM Lee”. Yahoo News!, 14 de abril de 2022. https://sg.news.yahoo.com/lawrencewong-endorsed-as-leader-of-singapores-pap-4-g-team-104721122.html
- Wong, Tessa. 2022. “377A Repeal: Singapore Turns Page on Dark LGBT History”. BBC News, 4 de diciembre de 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-63832825
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